Walmart Canada’s new hydrogen (H₂) fuel cell-powered electric semi-truck is now on the roads in Mississauga, Ontario as the retailer continues its ambitious journey towards a 100% alternatively-powered fleet.

Walmart Canada is the first major retailer in Canada to introduce a H₂ fuel cell electric semi-truck to its fleet. Operating with zero tailpipe emissions, the Nikola Hydrogen Fuel Cell EV Class 8 tractor has a range of about 800 km and on average can avoid 97 metric t of carbon dioxide (CO₂) tailpipe emissions annually according to the manufacturer—this assumes the replacement of one Class 8 diesel truck with an avg. 6.5 mpg, 62,169 annual miles traveled, and uses 2024 U.S. EPA emissions factors and specified averages.

According to Nikola, Walmart Canada is also the first retail fleet to operate one of these trucks in North America.

The introduction of trucks powered by H₂ fuel opens the door to longer-haul travel with alternative power, extending the range that’s currently possible with the fleet’s electric options. This first H₂ FCEV was sourced by Etobicoke, Ontario-based ITD Industries Inc., an industry-leading transportation solutions provider, and will be deployed in Ontario for longer-haul trips.

“We’re proud to be introducing Walmart Canada’s first H₂ FCEV as a major milestone on our journey to becoming a regenerative company,” said Gonzalo Gebara, president and CEO, Walmart Canada. “This is a first for a retailer in Canada and is an example of how we will continue to push forward, embrace new technology and spark change within the industry.”

“At Nikola, we are incredibly proud to support Walmart’s sustainability initiatives and to be supporting their historic milestone of being the first retail fleet in Canada to operate a H₂ fuel cell electric semi-truck,” said Steve Girsky, Nikola President and CEO. “This collaboration with Walmart Canada, a brand committed to a more sustainable future, aligns perfectly with our mission to drive innovation and environmental responsibility in the transportation industry. This achievement underscores our shared vision for a zero emissions future and the positive impact we can make together for our communities and the planet overall.”

“As our government massively expands production of clean, reliable and affordable energy, we’re creating an environment for businesses to invest and create new jobs,” said Stephen Lecce, Ontario’s Minister of Energy and Electrification. “It’s no surprise that Walmart has chosen to deploy its first H₂-powered semi-truck in its fleet here in Ontario. We’re rapidly building out Ontario’s H₂ economy with new production projects that are going to help forward-looking businesses across the province transition to H₂ vehicles and reduce their emissions.”

“Walmart Canada has an ambitious plan to power 100% of our fleet with alternative power. We’re proud to be the first retailer in Canada to introduce a H₂ fuel cell semi-truck to our fleet as a major milestone towards achieving that goal,” said Michael Buna, senior director, national fleet, Walmart Canada. “As we work to be more sustainable in our day-to-day fleet operations, embracing additional types of alternative power allows us to go farther, faster.”

The Nikola H₂ fuel cell electric semi-truck carries high-pressure gaseous H₂ onboard in specialized tanks, similar to how a conventional truck carries diesel. The H₂ then runs through the fuel cell stack, which is converted to electricity by combining it with oxygen, with water vapor as the only byproduct. This electric power is transferred to the high-voltage power-net, which can charge the on-board batteries, and transfer power to the pavement via an e-axle with integrated electric motors.