Liquefaction is a critical step in the H2 supply chain because it enables the transportation and storage of pure H2 in an energy-dense form. In addition, liquid H2 may be preferred over other mediums (e.g., gaseous H2, chemical carriers) due to the cost-effectiveness of transport and minimal infrastructure investment at the end-use site. Compared to gaseous H2, one liquid H2 tanker holds more H2 than eight standard tube trailers.